Tar Baby

by

Toni Morrison

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Colonialism and Enslavement Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Systemic Racism and Power Theme Icon
Expectations of Womanhood Theme Icon
Colonialism and Enslavement Theme Icon
Toxic Masculinity Theme Icon
Innocence and Guilt Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Tar Baby, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Colonialism and Enslavement Theme Icon

Most of Tar Baby takes place on a Caribbean island in the opulent home of a white man, Valerian, who made his fortune in the candy industry. At one point, Son comments that European colonizers and their descendants, including Valerian, have “killed a world millions of years old.” Valerian himself has done that by participating in an economy built on the oppression of the island’s Black inhabitants. The Isle de Chevaliers, where Valerian lives, was first populated by escaped formerly enslaved Black people, who were enslaved by white European colonists and their descendants. Valerian then used money he gained by exploiting Black workers through the candy business to buy the island, thereby dispossessing the island of its legacy of Black ownership and liberation. He also paid exploitative wages to other Black laborers to build L’Arbe de la Croix, the most extravagant of the winter houses on Isle de Chevaliers. With that in mind, the idea that the end of the world consists of winter houses on the Isle des Chevaliers points to how the legacy of colonialism, particularly the enslavement of Black people by white colonizers in the Caribbean and Americas, persists into the present. That legacy, as personified by Valerian and his immorally-gained fortune, has caused catastrophic destruction and misery.

At the end of the novel, on Son’s final trip to Isle de Chevaliers, Thérèse urges Son to forget about Jadine, who, she says, has lost her connection to her “ancient properties.” That is, Jadine has lost her connection to a history that predates colonialism by her association with Valerian and the legacy of white colonialism he represents. Thérèse urges Son to join the formerly enslaved horsemen who first populated the Isle de Chevaliers, and who, according to myth, still roam the island like “angels.” In effect, Thérèse says that Son has a chance to find an alternative to a world destroyed by colonialism by taking his position among those mythical horsemen, an opportunity that Son seems to accept. Ultimately, Thérèse’s advice to Son suggests that overcoming the legacy of colonialism requires a connection to one’s “ancient properties,” to stories and understandings of the world that are expansive and grounded in deep history, as opposed to the self-serving, immoral, and destructive power structures that define colonialism and its legacy. 

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Colonialism and Enslavement ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Colonialism and Enslavement appears in each chapter of Tar Baby. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
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Colonialism and Enslavement Quotes in Tar Baby

Below you will find the important quotes in Tar Baby related to the theme of Colonialism and Enslavement.
Chapter 1 Quotes

The end of the world, as it turned out, was nothing more than a collection of magnificent winter houses on Isle des Chevaliers. When laborers imported from Haiti came to clear the land, clouds and fish were convinced that the world was over, that the sea-green green of the sea and the sky-blue blue of the sky were no longer permanent.

Related Characters: Son/The Man, Valerian
Page Number: 9
Explanation and Analysis:

“[Valerian will] be here till he dies,” Sydney told [Ondine]. “Less that greenhouse burns up.”

Related Characters: Sydney (speaker), Valerian, Margaret, Ondine, Michael
Related Symbols: The Greenhouse
Page Number: 14
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 2 Quotes

When he knew for certain that Michael would always be a stranger to him, he built the greenhouse as a place of controlled ever-flowering life to greet death in. It seemed a simple, modest enough wish to him. Normal, decent—like his life […].

His claims to decency were human: he had never cheated anybody. Had done the better thing whenever he had a choice and sometimes when he did not. He had never been miserly or a spendthrift, and his politics were always rational and often humane.

Related Characters: Valerian, Margaret, Michael
Related Symbols: The Greenhouse
Page Number: 54
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 4 Quotes

Sydney held the bowl of salad toward him, the man looked up and said, “Hi.” For the first time in his life, Sydney had dropped something. He collected the salad greens and righted the bowl expertly, but his anger and frustration were too strong to hide. He tried his best to be no less dignified than his employer, but he barely made it to civility.

Related Characters: Jadine, Son/The Man, Valerian, Margaret, Sydney
Page Number: 92
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 5 Quotes

Michael had been on [Valerian’s] heart if not in his mind since Margaret had announced the certainty of his visit. He could not say to her that he hoped far more than she did that Michael would come. That maybe this time there would be that feeling of rescue between them as it had been when he had taken him from underneath the sink. Thus when the black man appeared, Valerian was already in complicity with an overripe peach, and took on its implicit dare. And he invited the intruder to have a drink. The Michael of the reservation and the Michael of the sink was both surprised and pleased.

Related Characters: Son/The Man, Valerian, Margaret, Michael
Page Number: 144
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 6 Quotes

Son’s mouth went dry as he watched Valerian chewing a piece of ham, his head-of-a-coin profile content, approving even of the flavor in his mouth although he had been able to dismiss with a flutter of the fingers the people whose sugar and cocoa had allowed him to grow old in regal comfort; although he had taken the sugar and cocoa and paid for it as though it had no value […] but he turned it into candy […] and made a fortune in order to move near, but not in the midst of, the jungle where the sugar came from and build a palace with more of their labor and then hire them to do more of the work he was not capable of and pay them again according to some scale of value that would outrage Satan himself and when those people wanted a little of what he wanted, some apples for their Christmas, and took some, he dismissed them with a flutter of the fingers, because they were thieves, and nobody knew thieves and thievery better than he did.

Related Characters: Son/The Man, Valerian, Gideon/Yardman, Thérèse
Page Number: 202-203
Explanation and Analysis:

That was the sole lesson of their world: how to make waste, how to make machines that made more waste, how to make wasteful products, how to talk waste, how to study waste, how to design waste, how to cure people who were sickened by waste so they could be well enough to endure it, how to mobilize waste, legalize waste.

Related Characters: Son/The Man, Valerian
Page Number: 203-204
Explanation and Analysis:

Jadine had defended him. Poured his wine, offered him a helping of this, a dab of that and smiled when she did not have to. Soothed down any disturbance that might fluster him; quieted even the mild objections her own aunt raised, and sat next to him more alive and responsive and attentive than even his own wife was, basking in the cold light that came from one of the killers of the world.

Related Characters: Jadine, Son/The Man, Valerian
Page Number: 203-204
Explanation and Analysis:

“It’s true, isn’t it? She stuck pins into Michael, and Ondine knew it and didn’t tell anybody all this time. Why didn’t she tell somebody?”

“She’s a good servant, I guess, or maybe she didn’t want to lose her job.”

Related Characters: Jadine (speaker), Son/The Man (speaker), Margaret, Ondine, Michael
Page Number: 210-211
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 7 Quotes

He saw it all as a rescue: first tearing her mind away from that blinding awe. Then the physical escape from the plantation. His first, hers to follow two days later. Unless…he remembered sitting at the foot of the table, gobbling the food, watching her pour his wine, listening to her take his part, trying to calm Ondine and Sydney to his satisfaction.

Related Characters: Jadine, Son/The Man, Valerian, Sydney, Ondine
Page Number: 219
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 9 Quotes

Son said, “No way and I am not about to sit here and argue about that white man.”

“Who cares what color he is?”

“I care. And he cares. He cares what color he is.”

“He’s a person, not a white man. He put me through school.”

“You have told me that a million times. Why not educate you? You did what you were told, didn’t you? Ondine and Sydney were obedient, weren’t they? White people love obedience—love it! Did he do anything hard for you? Did he give up anything important for you?”

“He wasn’t required to. But maybe he would have since he was not required to educate me.”

“That was toilet paper, Jadine. He should have wiped his ass after he shit all over your uncle and aunt. He was required to; he still is. His debt is big, woman. He can’t never pay it off!”

Related Characters: Jadine (speaker), Son/The Man (speaker), Valerian
Page Number: 263
Explanation and Analysis:

The rescue was not going well. She thought she was rescuing him from the night women who wanted him for themselves, wanted him feeling superior in a cradle, deferring to him; wanted her to settle for wifely competence when she could be almighty, to settle for fertility rather than originality, nurturing instead of building. He thought he was rescuing her from Valerian, meaning them, the aliens, the people who in a mere three hundred years had killed a world millions of years old. […]

Each was pulling the other away from the maw of hell—its very ridge top. Each knew the world as it was meant or ought to be. One had a past, the other a future and each one bore the culture to save the race in his hands. Mama-spoiled black man, will you mature with me? Culture-bearing black woman, whose culture are you bearing?

Related Characters: Jadine, Son/The Man, Valerian
Page Number: 269
Explanation and Analysis:
“The man sat on the…” Quotes

“Small boy,” [Thérèse] said, “don’t go to L’Arbe de la Croix.” Her voice was a calamitous whisper coming out of the darkness toward him like jaws. “Forget her. There is nothing in her parts for you. She has forgotten her ancient properties […]

“The men. The men are waiting for you.” She was pulling the oars now, moving out. “You can choose now. You can get free of her. They are waiting in the hills for you. They are naked and they are blind too. I have seen them; their eyes have no color in them. But they gallop; they race those horses like angels all over the hills where the rain forest is, where the champion daisy trees still grow. Go there. Choose them.”

Related Characters: Thérèse (speaker), Jadine, Son/The Man, Valerian
Page Number: 305-306
Explanation and Analysis: