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Theories of Relativity
Werner Heisenberg proposed the uncertainty principle when he found it was impossible to accurately measure the position and velocity of a particle without that examination affecting the particle’s position or velocity. To see the position of a particle, you must shine a quantum of light on it, and the more accurately you want to measure it, the shorter the wavelength of the light needs to be. The shorter the wavelength, the higher the energy of the quantum, and as such the more it will knock the particle off its original course. This principle is central to modern understanding of the small-scale structures of the universe.
Uncertainty principle Quotes in A Brief History of Time
The A Brief History of Time quotes below are all either spoken by Uncertainty principle or refer to Uncertainty principle. For each quote, you can also see the other terms and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
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Chapter 4
Quotes
The success of scientific theories […] led the French scientist the Marquis de Laplace […] to argue that the universe was completely deterministic. Laplace suggested that there should be a set of scientific laws that would allow us to predict everything that would happen in the universe.
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Uncertainty principle Term Timeline in A Brief History of Time
The timeline below shows where the term Uncertainty principle appears in A Brief History of Time. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Chapter 4
Werner Heisenberg used this theory to create his uncertainty principle. To measure a particle’s position and velocity, one must shine light on it to...
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Heisenberg, Erwin Schrodinger, and Paul Dirac in the 1920s created quantum mechanics based on the uncertainty principle. This theory does not predict definite outcomes, but potential outcomes. It works on the...
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...although a wave, could act as a particle, being emitted only in certain quanta. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle made particles seem more like waves, with their movement spread out according to probability....
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Chapter 7
...Starobinsky. They convinced Hawking that rotating black holes ought to emit particles based on the uncertainty principle. When Hawking later did the mathematics to investigate it, he found even non rotating...
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...outside the event horizon. This space is not actually empty—there are certain minimum fluctuations and uncertainty. Pairs of particles and virtual particles will appear and collide, annihilating each other. One will...
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Chapter 8
...have left a set of rules to determine the universe, within the limits of the uncertainty principle, but how did he decide these laws? We could say we cannot possibly hope...
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...small differences in the early universe that later created the galaxies, and so on. The uncertainty principle tells us there was a minimum level of fluctuations, and the no boundary theory...
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Chapter 9
...singularities and edges, meaning the world is finite, smooth and uniform, to the extent the uncertainty principle allows. After a period of inflationary expansion, regions would slow their expansion and begin...
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Chapter 11
...his own refusal to accept quantum theory despite his own input into its creation. The uncertainty principle, on which quantum theory is based, is fundamental, and must be incorporated into any...
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...with incorporating the gravity into GUTs is that it does not take into account the uncertainty principle that defines quantum mechanics.
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Thus, the first step is to combine the uncertainty principle and general relativity. This has already resulted in significant rethinks, such as black holes...
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...The theories themselves cannot predict these values, which is a serious drawback. When incorporating the uncertainty principle and general relativity one can either adjust the strength of gravity or the cosmological...
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...argue the third in order to leave room for God. With our understanding of the uncertainty principle, we have removed the third option. Activity is random to a certain degree, but...
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...such a theory, scientists cannot predict exactly the events of the universe, due to the uncertainty principle and the fact the math is simply too hard. While scientists know in essence...
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Chapter 12
Today, Laplace’s approach is defunct because of the uncertainty principle of quantum mechanics, which introduces a minimum level of randomness. Quantum theory gives particles...
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