On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous

by

Ocean Vuong

Monarch Butterflies Symbol Analysis

Monarch Butterflies Symbol Icon

Butterflies, specifically monarch butterflies, are repeatedly mentioned in On Earth we’re Briefly Gorgeous, and they are symbolic of memory, migration, and the importance of passing knowledge and lived experiences from generation to generation. Little Dog first mentions monarch butterflies in the very beginning of the novel, when he tells of the butterflies in Michigan during the fall that are beginning their migration south for the winter. From September to November, butterflies are everywhere and cover nearly every surface, but their survival is tenuous, and a single night of cold can quickly kill them off. The butterflies lay eggs on their journey south, and they never live to fly north again, but future butterflies automatically know the route because this knowledge in ingrained in them by their “ancestors.”

As an immigrant and a refugee, Little Dog and his family were forced to migrate in order to survive, much like the butterflies, and Little Dog equally relies on the lessons he learns from his mother, Rose, and his grandmother, Lan. Whereas the buffalo are symbolic of the blind following of one’s family in the novel, the monarchs represent a purposeful legacy, one that is essential for survival. Little Dog hopes that he and Rose will one day be “the opposite of buffaloes” and instead “grow wings and spill over the cliff as a generation of monarchs, heading home,” and this is precisely what happens at the end of the novel. As a thundering herd of buffalo charge at Little Dog, they suddenly turn into monarch butterflies and soar over his head. The stories and memories Little Dog cherishes, most of which come from his mother and grandmother, inform his life and guide his decisions, and in many ways, they help him to survive.

Monarch Butterflies Quotes in On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous

The On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous quotes below all refer to the symbol of Monarch Butterflies. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
War, Trauma, and Abuse  Theme Icon
).
Part 1 Quotes

If we are lucky, the end of the sentence is where we might begin. If we are lucky, something is passed on, another alphabet written in the blood, sinew, and neuron; ancestors charging their kin with the silent propulsion to fly south, to turn toward the place in the narrative no one was meant to outlast.

Related Characters: Little Dog (speaker), Ma/Rose, Lan
Related Symbols: Monarch Butterflies
Page Number: 6
Explanation and Analysis:
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Monarch Butterflies Symbol Timeline in On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous

The timeline below shows where the symbol Monarch Butterflies appears in On Earth We’re Briefly Gorgeous. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Part 1
War, Trauma, and Abuse  Theme Icon
During the fall in Michigan, thousands of monarch butterflies begin their seasonal migration. From September through November, butterflies from Canada and the United... (full context)
War, Trauma, and Abuse  Theme Icon
Memory Theme Icon
...left to get eggs, but Little Dog knew she would never hit him again. Surviving monarchs pass messages to their children, Little Dog writes, and memory is “woven into their genes.”... (full context)
Part 3
War, Trauma, and Abuse  Theme Icon
Language and Storytelling Theme Icon
Memory Theme Icon
...Little Dog says. “We’ll grow wings and spill over the cliff as a generation of monarchs, heading home.” Little Dog tells Rose that he misses her and that he is sorry... (full context)
Language and Storytelling Theme Icon
Memory Theme Icon
...much like the cover of his dog-eared copy of Toni Morrison’s Sula. It isn’t a monarch, Little Dog says, but he knows there are monarchs nearby, getting ready to fly south.... (full context)
War, Trauma, and Abuse  Theme Icon
Memory Theme Icon
...Dog doesn’t know why there are more dead than living, and he doesn’t know why monarchs flying south suddenly drop to the ground, too heavy to continue, “deleting themselves from the... (full context)
Language and Storytelling Theme Icon
Memory Theme Icon
...herd, and just as the first buffalo runs off the cliff, the buffaloes explode into monarchs and fly over Little Dog’s head. Thousands of butterflies soar overhead, and Little Dog looks... (full context)