Once

by

Morris Gleitzman

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on Once makes teaching easy.
Themes and Colors
Storytelling Theme Icon
Innocence and Ignorance Theme Icon
Antisemitism vs. Human Dignity Theme Icon
Family Theme Icon
Morality, Violence, and Complicity   Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Once, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Storytelling Theme Icon

In Once, storytelling blinds people to danger—but it also protects them, helps them endure pain, and gives them courage, which ultimately makes it a force for good. The novel’s protagonist, Felix, is a young, story-loving Jewish boy living in Nazi-occupied Poland during the Holocaust. His parents left him at a Catholic orphanage, telling him that they needed to fix problems with their bookselling business but would return. By blinding Felix to Nazi persecution of Jewish people, his parents’ story puts him in danger: he sees Nazis burning books, assumes the Nazis are oppressing Jewish booksellers in particular, and leaves the orphanage—where the head nun Mother Minka is protecting him by pretending he’s Catholic—to warn his parents. In the wider world, his misunderstandings lead him to unwittingly put himself in harm’s way. 

When Felix finally realizes that his parents told him a false story and may already be dead, he decides that he loathes stories because they don’t do people any good. Yet Felix later realizes he was wrong to reject stories. Though his parents’ story put him in danger, it also saved his life by hiding him from Nazis. While searching for his parents, Felix meets a Jewish dentist, Barney, who has been hiding and caring for orphaned Jewish children. One night, lacking anesthetic, Barney asks Felix to tell stories to the patients whose teeth he’s drilling. The experience teaches Felix that stories can distract people from their pain and so help them endure it. Later, Nazis capture Felix, Barney, and the other children Barney has been protecting and put them on a train to a concentration camp. When the people on the train tear a hole in the train-car’s rotten wood wall, Felix tells his companions a hopeful story to persuade them to risk the Nazi machine-gunners on the train’s roof and jump to freedom. Though most of the children say no and Barney insists on staying with them, Felix does convince two children, Zelda and Chaya, to jump. Felix and Zelda survive, though Chaya dies. Thus, in the end, the novel implies that while stories can be deceitful and even harmful, they can also be powerful forces of self-preservation that help people to endure hardship and trauma.

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Storytelling ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Storytelling appears in each chapter of Once. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
How often theme appears:
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Once PDF

Storytelling Quotes in Once

Below you will find the important quotes in Once related to the theme of Storytelling.
Pages 1–8 Quotes

Once I was living in an orphanage in the mountains and I shouldn’t have been and I almost caused a riot.

It was because of the carrot.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker)
Related Symbols: Carrots
Page Number: 1
Explanation and Analysis:

At last. Thank you, God, Jesus, Mary, the Pope, and Adolf Hitler. I’ve waited so long for this.

It’s a sign.

This carrot is a sign from Mum and Dad. They’ve sent my favorite vegetable to let me know their problems are finally over. To let me know that after three long years and eight long months things are finally improving for Jewish booksellers. To let me know they’re coming to take me home.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker)
Related Symbols: Carrots
Page Number: 3
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 9–17 Quotes

“Jankiel’s not hiding from the men in the car,” says Dodie. “He’s hiding from the torture squad.”

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Dodie (speaker), Jankiel
Page Number: 13
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 29–40 Quotes

Sometimes real life can be a bit different from stories.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker)
Related Symbols: Notebook
Page Number: 36
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 41–52 Quotes

The street is narrow like I remember and the buildings are all two levels high and made of stone and bricks with slate roofs like I remember, but the weird thing is there are hardly any food shops.

At the orphanage I used to spend hours in class daydreaming out all the food shops in our street. The cake shop next to the ice cream shop next to the roast meat shop next to the jelly and jam shop next to the fried potato shop next to the chocolate-covered licorice shop.

Was I making all that up?

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker)
Page Number: 41
Explanation and Analysis:

“We’re playing grabbing Jews in the street,” says the little boy.

“I’m a Jew,” says the little girl. “He’s a Nazi. He’s going to grab me and take me away. Who do you want to be?”

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker)
Page Number: 48-49
Explanation and Analysis:

Why are some people kind to us Jewish book owners and some people hate us? I wish I’d asked Mr. Kopek to explain. And also to tell me why the Nazis hate Jewish books so much that they’ve dragged Mum and Dad and all their Jewish customers off to the city.

I tell myself a story about a bunch of kids in another country whose parents work in a book warehouse and one day a big pile of Jewish books topples onto the kids’ parents and crushes them and the kids vow that when they grow up they’ll get revenge on all the Jewish books and their owners.

It doesn’t feel like a very believable story.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Mother Minka, Father Ludwik
Page Number: 52
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 53–61 Quotes

Please, Mum and Dad, I beg silently.

Don’t be like these people.

Don’t put up a struggle.

It’s only books.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Dodie
Related Symbols: Notebook
Page Number: 56
Explanation and Analysis:

I feel really sorry for her. It’s really hard being an orphan if you haven’t got an imagination.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Zelda, Dodie
Related Symbols: Notebook
Page Number: 60
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 72–80 Quotes

“That’s a good story,” I say. “And when the man gets better, he and the gorilla go and live happily in the jungle and open a cake shop.”

“Yes,” says Zelda quietly.

She doesn’t look as though she totally believes it.

Neither do I.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Zelda (speaker), Mother Minka
Page Number: 76-77
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 81–90 Quotes

“They’re in danger,” I croak. “Really bad danger. Don’t believe the notebook. The stories in the notebook aren’t true.”

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Zelda, Barney
Related Symbols: Notebook
Page Number: 85
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 91–98 Quotes

I want to yell at them, Don’t you know anything? Our parents are out there in a dangerous Nazi city. The Nazis are shooting at people. They could be shooting our parents. A story isn’t going to help.

But I don’t. It’s not their fault. They don’t understand what it feels like when you’ve put your mum and dad in terrible danger. When the only reason they couldn’t get a visa to go to America is because when you were six you asked the man at the visa desk if the red blotches on his face were from sticking his head in a dragon’s mouth.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Zelda, Barney
Page Number: 93
Explanation and Analysis:

Suddenly I’m thinking about another story. The one Mum and Dad told me about why I had to stay at the orphanage. They said it was so I could go to school there while they traveled to fix up their business. They told it so well, that story, I believed it for three years and eight months.

That story saved my life.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Zelda, Barney, Mother Minka, Father Ludwik
Page Number: 95
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 99–111 Quotes

A story?

Then I get it. When Mum went to the dentist, she had an injection to dull the pain. Barney hasn’t given this patient an injection. Times are tough, and there probably aren’t enough pain-dulling drugs in ghetto curfew places.

Suddenly my mouth feels dry. I’ve never told anyone else a story to take their mind off pain. And when I told myself all those stories about Mum and Dad, I wanted to believe them. Plus, I didn’t have a drill in my mouth.

This is a big responsibility.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Barney
Related Symbols: Notebook
Page Number: 107
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 112–120 Quotes

“Once a princess lived in a castle. It was a small castle, but the princess loved it, and she loved her family who lived there with her. Then one day the evil goblins came looking for information about their enemies. They thought the princess knew the information, but she didn’t. To make her tell, the goblins gave the princess three wishes. Either they could hurt her, or they could hurt the old people, or they could hurt the babies.”

Chaya pauses, trembling, staring at the floor. I can see how hard it is for her to finish her story.

“The princess chose the first wish,” she says quietly. “But because she didn’t know any information, the goblins made all three wishes come true.”

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Chaya (speaker), Zelda, Barney
Page Number: 119-120
Explanation and Analysis:
Pages 153–161 Quotes

“Here,” I say to the woman in the corner. “Use this.”

The other people pass it over to her and when she sees what it is she starts crying.

“It’s all right,” I say. “I haven’t written on it.”

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker)
Related Symbols: Notebook
Page Number: 156
Explanation and Analysis:

You can’t force people to believe a story.

Related Characters: Felix Salinger (speaker), Zelda, Barney
Page Number: 159
Explanation and Analysis: