Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma
In Edwidge Danticat’s Breath, Eyes, Memory, three generations of mothers and daughters wrestle with the generational trauma that has been handed down again and again and has come to define all their lives. The Haitian practice of manually “testing” young women for virginity is a mother’s burden—and, in the case of the Caco women, a daughter’s unraveling. As Sophie Caco, her mother Martine, her Tante Atie, and her Granmè Ifé confront…
read analysis of Mothers, Daughters, and Generational TraumaVirginity and Violence
“I have heard it compared to a virginity cult, our mothers’ obsession with keeping us pure and chaste.” So says Sophie Caco at a crucial point in the novel as she reckons with the legacy of violence that defines the lives of Haitian women. Throughout Breath, Eyes, Memory, the loss of virginity is seen not as a rite of passage or an entry into womanhood, but as an act of theft, violence, and disgrace…
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In Breath, Eyes, Memory, Sophie Caco leaves her home in Haiti at the age of 12 to join her mother in New York. “Home” becomes a complicated concept in the novel as the overwhelmed, disoriented Sophie struggles to adjust to life in Brooklyn, all the while missing the family and friends she left behind. As the novel progresses and a return to Haiti becomes more and more vital, necessary, and inevitable for Sophie, Edwidge…
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Toward the end of Breath, Eyes, Memory, Sophie Caco states that she comes from a place “from which you carry your past like the hair on your head.” For the Caco women—and, Danticat suggests, for Haitian women more generally—the lessons, traumas, and stories of the past are as inseparable from a woman’s journey as the hair rooted in her scalp. Over the course of the novel, as the jumble of stories and parables that…
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